Anderson finished third in the Kangaroos' best-and-fairest award in 2020 and played 14 games this year, taking his career tally to 99.
But the 28-year-old has been cut as North Melbourne look to re-shape their list through the draft.
Atu Bosenavulagi, Kayne Turner and Josh Walker were also delisted on Monday.
"We require four primary list spots for the upcoming AFL national draft which means we have had to make some difficult decisions," Kangaroos list boss Brady Rawlings said in a statement.
"In saying that, given the strength of character of the players delisted, there is potential for one or two of these guys to be considered for a spot on our rookie list in 2023."
Anderson previously spent three seasons under Clarkson at Hawthorn and played 10 games, including one qualifying final, during the club's premiership hat-trick from 2013-15.
He reportedly attracted interest from Gold Coast during the trade period, during which North Melbourne acquired Griffin Logue and Darcy Tucker from Fremantle.
The Kangaroos lost former No.1 draft pick Jason Horne-Francis to Port Adelaide, while ex-Adelaide forward Tom Lynch retired, and Kyron Hayden, Matt McGuinness and Patrick Walker were all delisted last month.
The list changes come as Clarkson prepares to take over at North Melbourne.
The 54-year-old is scheduled to begin work on November 1, though the start date could be delayed as an independent panel investigates historic racism claims at his former club Hawthorn.
Clarkson has denied any wrongdoing.
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